R Franks' Online Journal

For many years we have know about drugs that come from natural sources, for example willow bark was used by the ancient Greeks to help cure fevers and pains. Later on in time people discovered that the active ingredients was salicylic acid. This was later modified into aspirin which is less irritating to the stomach than salicylic acid.

Today drugs have to be tested before they can be prescribed to the general public for medical uses. First they will do lab test on human cells in the lab. This stage is first as they will not damage the living human as the cells are not in their bodies and there is only a limited amount of cells they can damage. Many drugs fail at this first part as they damage the human cells or have no effect on the pathogen. If they pass the lab tests they will then be tested on animals. This is very controversial as many people don’t like this stage as it may harm the animal. The infected cells and the drug will be monitored for any side effects and the effectiveness. There will be side effects on many drugs and defends on what the side effects are, if the side effects are worse that the disease that they are trying to cure they will have to be redeveloped. If the side effects are not worse than the disease they move to stage 3. They then go to clinical trails, they are tested on healthy humans who volunteered to be tested on. This is to see if the drug causes any harm. It will then be tested on people with the infection to make sure it curse the diseases and does not cure harm to the human.

Stem cells research is when people in labs fertilise an egg and take some of the first few cells that are created. Those cells are general cells which can turn into a specialised cell like skin or muscle cells.

This is controversial as the embryo that the cells are taken from can be a viable embryo and can become a baby. Some people say by taking the calls you are killing a human. Some people say that it is not a human until the embryo is 80 calls thick.

Microscopes are useful when you are studying cells as you can see them as if they were visible size and you can see their features and discover what you and every living thing is made of. It also allows you to see what diseases are in the cells such as cancer and can learn what they look like and how they work.It may also lead to a cure to the disease or mutation. You can tell how far you magnified by the number net to the X.

Magnification is the ability to make small objects seem larger, such as making a microscopic organism visible.Resolution is the ability to distinguish two objects from each other. Light microscopy has limits to both its resolution and its magnification.

James packed his jeep with supplies for his journey through the Brazilian part of the Amazon Rainforest.  The journey was going to take him 5 hours, however he know he had to endure it, if he was going to see the waterfall he came all the way from England to see. The journey was rough and very hard to complete as the road was very bendy. He took four new tires just incase the road brought any unexpected surprises. After 2 hours James was in the heart of the rain forest and had no one with him. Then it started to rain softly and this made the road muddy and even harder to manuever so James decided to slow down and take it slower. The rain started to get harder by the second, the windscreen wipers could not keep up with the rate of the rain. He could not see where he was going and suddenly he span out of control and crashed into a tree. The air bag exploded into his face. He was dazed and confused as he stumbled out of the car. He fell to one knee as he tried to get his balance. With blood pouring out of his hands he managed to get to his feet. He looked around and all he could see was trees, trees for miles on end. He was lost stranded with no help. He felt a sudden pain coming from his left hand as he look down there was a shard of glass through the tip of his index finger. What was he going to do?

He staggered around to the back of the jeep to find the medical supplies to treat his finger. Luckey he was a trained in first aid. He removed the shard of glass from his finger and dressed his wound .  He looked around and shout “HHHHEEELLLPPP! HHHEEELLLPPP! I AM LOST! SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME!”. Nothing but birds responded to his cries for help. He knew he had to build a shelter and light a fire as he had recently watched a Bear Grylls documentary. He went to gather wood and ferns to help him to build a shelter. After a couple of hours he had made it, it looked shabby and poorly made, but he thought to him-self it will have to do. He went back to the jeep to get matches to start the fire, it took a while as he had only made one fire before. After it was up and blazing he stared at it thinking about what will happen to him. He took the food supplies out of the jeep and started to eat a chocolate bar. After he had eaten he went into his shelter and laid down and before he knew it he was out cold.

When he awoke in the morning, it had stopped raining and the sky was bright blue and the sun was shinning down on him. He sat in his shelter wondering what to do next.  He could either wait for someone to come and find him or he could go and try to find help.  While he was making his decision he decided to go and find some fresh water.  He wondered around the rainforest for what seemed like hours until he came across a steam.  He bent down and started to drink the cool water and he noticed that the steam was full of fish.  He thought to himself if he was going to stay and wait for help this would be a source of food.

He returned back to his jeep and sat down by the road side. He was lost in his thoughts on whether to stay or search for help. After a while he stood up and started to pass up and down, he stopped and gladly remembered that he had organised to meet Pete at the waterfall and he would be wondered where he was.  He now knew that he had to remain where he was,a Pete would be searching for him and he would be bringing help.

For the next three weeks he had followed the same routine, he would go down to the stream and fetch fresh water and that day’s food.  He would then go and collect more fire wood to keep the fire burning through out the night, He would send the rest of the day sitting by the road side waiting for Pete.  However on day 22 there was a pleasant surprise, as he was carrying back the fire wood he notice a strange figure standing by the fire.  As he got closer he realised it  was Pete, and he had brought with him a rescure team.  He fell to his knees and started to cry.

They all got back home o safety and James lived to tell the story….. however he still has not seen the waterfall he so longed to see.

I was on a hike through the country side. I was having a lovely time taking in the sights of rural England. I was with two of my friends, John and Lucy. They were going across fields so they can get to their destination. One of the crossing had an electrical fence. John and Lucy pleaded me to go the long and safe way around the fence. But knowing me I took the dangerous route. I was always a bit of a dear devil. I rolled under the wire carefully. However I was not careful enough and inevitable happend. My head hit the wire and I was on the floor and the rest was lost.

I woke up in a hospital bed with my family and friends around me with the doctor welcomeing me back to to the light. I felt something on my arm it would not go away. My vision

In this scene Brutus and Cassius are having an argument. They are giving insults to each other. Brutus says that Cassius took a bribe and would rather be a dog Than to be a Roman who took bribes. We then find out why Brutus is in a bad mood and is tacking it out on Cassius. His wife Portia has commuted suicide by putting a hot coal in her mouth. After the argument when by himself Brutus sees the ghost of Ceasar and is told he will see the ghost of Ceasar at Philippi. I can tell that by the quote “To tell thee thou shalt see me at Philippi.”

In this play there are words that originate from Old French . They only seem to appear when Brutus is speacking to I himself during a soliloquy. By using these types of word I think it shows he is a of a high status . When his servant Lucius comes into the room he dulls down his language. By Brutus dulling down his language I can tell that Lucius is a low status. I know that as only people who were educated people would understand those words. In Roman times only people of a high status would be educated. That is why I think Brutus has a high status. I can tell Brutus is educated as he uses words like exhalations, disjoins, ambitions and extremities.